Ammonia-gas condenser.



' No.802,904. PATENTED 00124, 1905. A. H. BAER.

AMMONIA GAS CONDENSER. APPLICATION FILED AUG.1,1904- ALVIN H. BAER, OF WAYNESBORO,PENNSYLVANIA.

AMMONIA-GAS CONDENSER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 24, 1905.

Application filed August 1. 1904. Serial No. 219,043.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ALVIN H. BAER, a citi- Zen of the United States, residing at Waynesboro, in the county of Franklin and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ammonia-Gas Condensers, of which the following is a specification.

My said invention consists in an improved construction and arrangement of parts of a condenser designed particularly for use as an ammonia gas condenser in refrigerating plants, but adapted also for cooling liquids and various other purposes, whereby an apparatus of such character is provided which is both simple and comparatively inexpensive in construction and very eflicient and economical in use, all as will be hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which are made a part hereof, and on which similar reference characters indicate similar parts, Figure 1 is a top or plan view of a condenser embodying my said invention, the central portion of the coil being broken away in clearer illustration; Fig. 2, a central vertical section through the same, and Fig. 3 an end view as seen when looking in the direction indicated by the arrows from the dotted line 3 3 in Fig. 2.

In said drawings the portions marked A represent the outside pipe, B the intermediate pipe, and C the inside or smaller pipe, of the coil. Said apparatus consists, primarily, in a series of sets of three concentric pipes arranged with channels between them provided with suitable fittings at opposite ends, whereby the smaller or inner pipe communicates with the intermediate pipe in each set and with the corresponding inner pipe in the adjacent set, and said intermediate pipes are closed tight at one end and have inlet or outlet openings at the other end, and the outside or larger pipes communicate with each other in said several sets. The outside or large 'be connected.

in a suitable fitting 4;, which has a central opening 5 communicating with a lower fitting 6, which is provided with a suitable base 7 and contains the corresponding end of the outside pipe A of the lower set. The fitting 1 is mounted on the top of a lower fitting 8, which contains the corresponding end of the lower outside pipe A and is provided with a base 9, upon which this end of the structure rests. A discharge-pipe 10 is formed in said fitting 9, leading from the chamber beyond the end of said pipe A. A suitable cap 11 is mounted around the mouth of said dischargepassagc, to which a suitable conductor may be attached. The intermediate pipe 13 of the upper setis mounted within the pipe A, its rear end engaging with a screw-threaded aperture in the fitting 4 to form a tight joint beyond the opening, into which the pipe A is adapted to discharge, of a size corresponding to the size of said intermediate pipe. Said fitting a is formed with an opening 12 beyond the end of said pipe B, which is closed tightly by a cap 13, as shown. The forward end of said pipe B passes through the opposite end of fitting 1 beyond the opening with which pipe A communicates and is secured therein by means of a suitable collar 14 and a packingring 15, interposed between the parts in a well-known manner. A fitting 16 is mounted on the outer end of said intermediate pipe, having a hollow interior communicating therewith and having an opening 19 in same adapted for an inlet or outlet to said intermediate pipe. The intermediate pipe B of the lower set is similarly arranged in the lower fittings 6 and 8 and is provided with a fitting 18 upon its outer end corresponding to the fitting 16 upon the pipe B of the upa per coil. The outer ends of said fittings 16 and 18 are connected to communicate with each other by a suitable by-pass 17, as shown. The smaller pipe 0 of the upper set is mounted within the pipe B, being heldby radial projections c on its extreme end a proper distance from said intermediate pipe to provide a suitable annular passage between said two pipes. Said end of pipe 0 is provided with openings 0, leading into said annular passage, as shown. The other end of said pipe C extends beyond the end of the pipe B across the chamber in the fitting 16 and is engaged in a suitable screw-threaded shoulder in said fitting 16 to form a tight joint beyond The end of said fittinglfi. is.

mediate pipe and similarly connected with the fitting 18, as shown. Said pipe U compelsthe fluid to pass through the channel between it and the pipe A in a thin sheet and" provides a return-passage in connection with fitting 17 to the next set of pipes in the coil.

The operation of said invention is as follows: The parts are assembled as shown in the drawings, the several sets of pipes or coils being mounted one upon the other and the fittings connected by tight joints with suitable packing in a well-known manner, as indicated. The fittings on the rear end are provided with transverse flanges, and clamping-bolts 26 pass through perforations in said flanges for securing the parts together. Similar bolts 21 are used for securing the several fittings at the front end of the sets together. It will be understood, of course, that while only two sets of pipes are shown any number of sets desired may be mounted one upon the other in the manner-shown in the drawings. The parts being assembled, the ammonia-gas is introduced at the top of fitting 1 and passes along the annular channel between pipe A and the intermediate pipe B to the opposite end, where it passes through the opening in the fittings A and 6 down into the passage between pipes A and B of the next set, and when more than two sets are used this operation is continuous until it reaches the bottom set, when it is discharged through the discharge-passage 10 in its condensed form, as indicated by the arrows. The condensing agent is introduced into the annular space between pipes B and C of the lower set through the opening 20 in the fitting 18 and passes rapidly through said space to the opposite end, where it enters pipe C through the openings 0 and passes back through said pipe C and by means of branch 17 is transferred to the corresponding pipe 0 of the adjacent set, through which it passes to the opposite end, and thence through openings 0 in said pipe C of this set to the space between pipes B and C of this set, through which it passes rapidly to the outletopeningJ2 in fitting 16, this operation being repeated in any number of sets or pairs of sets which may be used. By this arrangement a very efiicient condenser is provided liquids, the liquid to be cooled being intro- .duced into the space between pipes B and (J of the upper set through the opening 19 in fitting 16 and discharged from the corresponding space in the lower set through the opening 20 in fitting 18, said liquid to be cooled flowing in a direction opposite to that which I have described hereinbefore as followed by the condensing agent and the cooling agent "being introduced into the space between the to that which I have described as being followed by the ammonia.

Having thus fully described my said invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A condenser or cooler comprising three pipes arranged one within the other with passages between their adjacent sides, the outside pipes of the several sets being connected by fittings having openings leading from one set to the next and an inlet and outlet at opposite ends of the passage, the intermediate pipe in each section mounted within said outside pipe and extending at each end beyond the end of said outside pipe, one end being tightly engaged with the fitting and closed beyond said point of engagement, the other end extending through the front fitting and provided with a second fitting upon its outer end, the inside pipe leading through said intermediate pipe communicating at one end with the annular space between it and said intermediate pipe, and at the other end connected by a tight joint with the fitting on the outer end of the intermediate pipe, said fitting being formed with an opening into a chamber communicating with the intermediate pipe and an open end communicating with the interior of said inside pipe and a branch pipe connecting said inside pipe with the inside pipe of the adjacent set, substantially as set forth.

2. In a condenser or cooler, the combination of several sets or coils of pipes, the pipes of each set or coil mounted one within the other in suitable fittings, said fittings mounted one upon the other, each of said sets of pipes comprising an outside pipe secured at each end by tight joints in said fittings, said fittings being formed with channels which communicate with each other at alternate ends of the structure, and have an inlet and outlet at opposite ends of the passage, the intermediate pipe connected by atight joint with said fittings beyond the channels therein, one end of said intermediate pipe being tightly closed and the other end extending through the main fitting to the outside thereof, a second fitting thereon, and the smaller pipe mounted within said intermediate pipe and communicating sciatica therewith at one end and connected by a tight In witness whereof I have hereunto set my joint with said second fitting on the outer end hand and seal, at Wayneslooro, Pennsylvania, of said intermediate pipe at a point beyond this 30th day of July, A. D. 1904.

the space which communicates With the inte- ALVIN H. BAER. [L. s.] 5 rior of said intermediate pipe, and a lay-pass Witnesses:

connecting the outer ends of said smaller W. H. MANUS,

pipes, substantially as set forth. WILL. A. HARBAUGI-I. 

